Today's Objectives: Students will be able to...
- Identify the political movement(s) in Europe and Asia before WWII and their major leaders.
- Understand the causes of WWII and recall major events before the US joined the war.
Bellwork: Take a chart from the front desk and fill in as much information as you can remember from your WWI unit. You may use your notes.
Who won?
Who didn't win?
Listen, Write, Review
Soviet Union
(1917 Russia --> Soviet Union)
Joseph Stalin (aka, the Man of Steel) took over the Communist Party
- brutal leader with secret police that enforced party lines with violence
Communism = an economic theory in which the state (government) owns all property
Fear of communism spread around the world
Had economic distress
Had been a democracy -- No: It went from a monarchy to a communist totalitarian state
Formed a coalition
Becomes totalitarian
Had a symbolic leader -- Joseph Stalin, the Man of Steel
Had youth organizations
Government used violent means to eliminate their enemies
Believed in ethnic cleansing
Took control of the press
Benefited the economy
Looking to expand their territory
Totalitarianism = political policy of absolute power being held by the government
Italy
Desire to expand their territory + post-WWI economic depression + fear of communism + no major political parties ---> Benito Mussolini taking over by forming a coalition government that was fascist
Coalition = a joining together of two political parties for a purpose
Fascist = political policy of conservative, nationalistic authoritarianism
Nationalism = political belief that the interests of a particular country are more important than international relations
Mussolini used his Black Shirts to make all other political parties illegal and form a totalitarian dictatorship
Black Shirts = Mussolini's enforcers / secret police force used to force people to be loyal to his party and eliminate enemies
Had economic distress
Had been a democracy -- No: Previously a monarchy
Formed a coalition
Becomes totalitarian
Had a symbolic leader -- Benito Mussolini, Il Duce ("the leader")
Had youth organizations
Government used violent means to eliminate their enemies
Believed in ethnic cleansing
Took control of the press
Benefited the economy
Looking to expand their territory
Germany
Weimar Republic - the democratic republic in Germany after WWI
economic troubles (inflation) ------> resentment from WWI + need for scapegoat for troubles + no major political parties ------> coalition formed, Adolf Hitler with the National Socialists (Nazi Party) made other political parties illegal, becomes a totalitarian dictator
Inflation = when a country's currency has low value (it takes a lot of low value money to buy things)
Scapegoat = a person/group/thing that gets blamed for a problem, particularly if they aren't responsible
Had economic distress
Had been a democracy Yes: The Weimar Republic
Formed a coalition
Becomes totalitarian
Had a symbolic leader -- Adolf Hitler
Had youth organizations
Government used violent means to eliminate their enemies
Believed in ethnic cleansing -- particularly anti-semetic
Took control of the press
Benefited the economy
Looking to expand their territory
Anti-semetism = hostility or prejudice against Jews
Spain
1936 - 1939 Spanish Civil War = a civil war in Spain between the Republicans (democratic republic) and the Nationalists (fascists)
Fascist dictatorships are spreading quickly across Europe and becoming aggressive ---> other nations are getting concerned
Reactions? Hitler + Mussolini sent military and economic aid to the fascists
Soviet Union provided some support to the Republicans
Britain, France, + the US refused to supply weapons to the Republicans
Who won? The Fascists (Fransisco Franco)
China
Civil War between the Communists and the Nationalists
- remember that fear of communism was spreading
- nationalism looks like a good alternative to communism
Japan
strong navy + deficit in natural resources + the Great Depression ---> militaristic takeover with constitutional monarchy + desire to expand their territory ---> Imperial expansion (Manchuria and China)
Deficit = a lower supply than is needed
Constitutional monarchy = a government with a monarch at its head and a constitution to define rights of citizenship
Did we complete our objectives? Can you...
Exit Ticket: Identify the political movements in Europe before WWII and their major leaders?
Homework:
- Create a social media style timeline for Europe and Asia before WWII started.
- Fill out your student information sheets to return to me by next class.
Reading: Orange Book - Ch 19 sec 2
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